Although there have been improvements in LASIK technology[28][29][30] , a large body of conclusive evidence on the chances of long-term complications is not yet established. Also, there is a small chance of complications, such as slipped flap, corneal infection, haziness, halo, or glare some of which are irreversible because the LASIK eye surgery procedure is irreversible.
The incidence of macular hole has been estimated at 0.2 per cent[14] to 0.3 per cent.[31] The incidence of retinal detachment has been estimated at 0.36 per cent.[31] The incidence of choroidal neovascularization has been estimated at 0.33 per cent.[31] The incidence of uveitis has been estimated at 0.18 per cent[32]
Although the cornea usually is thinner after LASIK, because of the removal of part of the stroma, refractive surgeons strive to maintain a minimum thickness to avoid structurally weakening the cornea. Decreased atmospheric pressure at higher altitudes has not been demonstrated as extremely dangerous to the eyes of LASIK patients, however, some mountain climbers have experienced a myopic shift at extreme altitudes.[33][34] There are no published reports documenting scuba diving-related complications after LASIK.[35]
In situ keratomileusis effected at a later age increases the incidence of corneal higher-order wavefront aberrations.[36][37] Conventional eyeglasses do not correct higher order aberrations.
Microfolding has been reported as "an almost unavoidable complication of LASIK" whose "clinical significance appears negligible".[20]
Myopic (nearsighted) people who are close to the age (mid- to late-forties) when they will require either reading glasses or bifocal eyeglasses, may find that they still require reading glasses despite having undergone refractive LASIK surgery. Myopic people generally require reading glasses or bifocal eyeglasses at a later age than people who are emmetropic (those who see without eyeglasses), but this benefit is lost if they undergo LASIK. This is not a complication, but an expected result of the physical laws of optics.
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The incidence of refractive surgery patients having unresolved complications six months after surgery has been estimated from 3%[4] to 6%.[5] The following are some of the more frequently reported complications of LASIK[6][5]:
Surgery induced dry eyes...
Some complications of PRK include:
Long healing period
Pain
Glare, halos, or starburst Aberrations
Under- or over-correction
Recurrence of myopia
Increased intraocular pressure
Corneal haze
Scarring
Reduced best corrected visual acuity...
The incidence of flap complications has been estimated to be 0.244%.[16] Flap complications (such as displaced flaps or folds in the flaps that necessitate repositioning, diffuse lamellar keratitis, and epithelial ingrowth) are common in lamellar corneal...
The incidence of diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK)[6], also known as the Sands of Sahara syndrome, has been estimated at 2.3%.[21] When diagnosed and appropriately treated, DLK resolves with no lasting vision limitation.
The incidence of infection...
The incidence of epithelial ingrowth has been estimated at 0.1%.[21]
Glare is another commonly reported complication of those who have had LASIK.[25]
Halos or starbursts around bright lights at night are caused by the irregularity between the lasered...
Although relatively uncommon, the following are some of the more frequently reported complications of Epi-LASIK [1]:
Over/undercorrection
Visual acuity fluctuation
Halos around light sources
Starbursts around light sources
Decentered ablation...